矿产资源供应能力评价的FAHP方法

为了合理地开发和利用资源，提高资源利用效率和矿业发展质量，科学论证与评价矿产资源供应能力，具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。采用定性定量相结合的模糊层次分析法（FAHP），构建了矿产资源的供应能力的评价模型，并以我国2006—2015年钴资源的历史数据为例，将资源禀赋、供需市场、政治环境作为评价准则，通过对评价指标进行分析，得到了钴资源供应能力的评价值均在1以下，并呈现逐年下降趋势。研究结果表明，我国钴资源的供应能力整体偏弱，今后几年钴资源供应能力仍会维持在较低水平。     

Optimal sizing of wind-hydrogen system considering hydrogen demand and trading modes

In order to make full use of renewable energy and improve the utilization of wind power, a new joint optimization scheme of the wind-hydrogen system coupled with transmission project is proposed in this paper, in which wind power is reasonably allocated for grid integration and for hydrogen production. Aiming at maximize the annul wind-hydrogen system benefit, the optimal sizes of wind power transmission project and hydrogen system are obtained under different hydrogen production modes, hydrogen trading modes and hydrogen demand levels. In addition, the penalty cost of wind curtailment and hydrogen supply shortage and the system environmental benefits are taken into account. Results show: during the long-term of insufficient of wind power, it is better to produce hydrogen using wind power and grid-assisted power to avoid hydrogen supply shortage; considering the future increase of hydrogen demand, the optimal supply number of hydrogen refueling stations in the wind-hydrogen system is two. Also, the low utilization of fuel cells means that the benefit from regeneration cannot offset the high cost, which leads to the abnegation of fuel cells in the wind-hydrogen system.     

能源互联网技术成熟度等级评估

能源互联网是实现未来可持续发展的重要建设内容之一。构建能源互联网需要众多关键技术的支撑,而技术处于不断地进化过程中,了解技术发展的现实水平,把握技术的未来需求,可以指导正确的发展路线和科学的战略决策的制定。本文旨在评估能源互联网关键技术成熟度。基于文献计量方法评估理念建立具有系统性和普适性的综合评估指标体系,并引入数据分析方法和变异系数法构建技术成熟度综合评估方法,为能源互联网的建设提供科学的指导。对能源互联网的云大物移创新应用关键技术进行算例分析,结果表明该方法能准确地判断技术的成熟度,定位技术性能。     

双弹性板矩形空腔内噪声的有源力控制

研究了在弹性板上施加不同参数的有源力对腔内噪声进行控制的问题。构建双弹性板构成的封闭矩形声腔模型，对封闭声腔的结构 声耦合特性进行分析，推导了在封闭声腔有源力控制作用下声压计算公式，给出采用有源力控制的最优控制模型。分析了弹性板在不同参数的次级力源激励下腔内局部声场的声压级响应，并建立了仿真模型对局部声场的减噪效果进行分析。结果表明，合理选择次级力源的参数对控制效果的影响较为明显，且次级力源的个数并非越多越好。     

A methodology to assess suitability of a site for small scale wet and dry CSP systems

This study presents a methodology to assess suitability of a site for small scale concentrated solar power (CSP) systems for its energy conversion efficiency and make‐up water requirement. Energy conversion efficiency of CSPs relies not only on the level of direct solar radiation but also on the performance of the cooling system. Regions with high solar potential have to deal with heat rejection at elevated temperatures which causes reduced energy conversion efficiencies due to high condenser temperatures. It is desirable to utilize wet cooling systems as they can achieve temperatures lower than the dry bulb temperature by evaporative cooling. On the other hand, such regions usually lack water resources which deteriorate the sustainable nature of CSP applications. This study combines various available models for both solar resource estimation and cooling systems' performance considering (i) the influence of ambient temperatures, and (ii) the influence of humidity levels. These models are integrated together to analyze the use of dry or wet cooling systems in terms of overall energy output and water consumption at a selected site in northern Cyprus. The model inputs consist of only annual hourly surface weather data and the location of the site of interest. The results show that dry cooling unit at northern Cyprus is capable of saving water about 18.7 ton/MWh while it produces 27% less energy compared to the wet cooling alternative for the representative annual weather data. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

黄浦江下游吴淞口站低潮位重现期研究

黄浦江为感潮河流,低潮位重现期的确定对黄浦江航道的设计具有重要意义。为了准确估计黄浦江低潮位的重现期,以黄浦江下游吴淞口站年最低潮位序列为例,在对样本进行三性审查的基础上,分别采用传统的数理统计方法和时变矩方法进行水文频率分析。结果表明:吴淞口站年最低潮位序列在1996年发生了变异;还现修正后的序列服从位置参数线性时变的GEV模型,低潮位存在缓慢的上升趋势;一致性条件下百年一遇低潮位约为0.261 m,在非一致性条件下其重现期增大为150 a。非一致性条件下的重现期增大说明黄浦江现有的航道设计标准偏安全,航道通航保证率提高。     

动车组司机室空调蒸发器气动噪声数值仿真

为研究动车组司机室空调蒸发器的噪声响应，建立某型司机室分体式空调蒸发器的计算流体动力学模型，采用FLUENT中的大涡模拟（large eddy simulation, LES）计算瞬态气动流场。对瞬态流场数据进行傅里叶变换，得到空气流场的频域数据。基于流场频域数据，采用Virtual.Lab的边界元法计算蒸发器的气动噪声，采用声压法计算蒸发器的辐射声功率，并与测试结果进行对比分析。结果表明：蒸发器出口位置气动噪声最高，最大声压级高于56 dB；最大声功率级出现在125~400 Hz的低频段；声功率级随着频率的增加逐渐降低，但在5 000 Hz的高频辐射中声功率级仍然超过55 dB，这表明空调蒸发器气动噪声属于宽频噪声；计算结果与测试结果吻合良好，验证声压法计算空调蒸发器气动声功率可行。     

尿素装置液位仪表失真分析及处理

介绍了尿素装置中3起液位仪表失真案例,分析了故障现象和设备工况,确定失真原因,采取了相应的处理措施,解决了仪表故障。     

京津冀地区农村煤改气现状及减排潜力分析

对京津冀农村地区煤改气现状进行研究,并对当前采用的经济环境效益评价方法加以归纳,以近年来颁布的国家及地方政策为辅助依据估算农村燃煤减排潜力。根据计算结果,对比SO2、NOx、CO、PM10、PM2.5在三地区的减排效果得出,北京减排效果最明显,天津及河北省有明显改善;由减排分布得到,SO2、NOx、CO、PM10、PM2.5在北京市、天津市、河北省减排潜力分布中各占3%、1%、85%、6%和5%。由此看出,通过减少农村散煤使用来控制污染物排放量的方法具有良好的发展前景。然后进一步剖析当前出现的问题,以努力推进农村减排工作。